The Tell Tale Heart ( ANNOTATED )

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No, it is impossible; it is impossible to convey the life-sensation of any given epoch of one's existence -- that which makes its truth, its meaning -- its subtle and penetrating essence. It is impossible. We live, as we dream -- alone. . . ." Some students may have religious or cultural objections to handling dead animal material, particularly pigs or cows, and depending on the method of slaughter. Procedure The bundle of His is a collection of heart muscles cells specialised for electrical conduction. These cells receive input from the AVN. 1,4,5 The electrical signals that travel through your heart conduction system cause your heart to expand and contract. These contractions control how blood flows through your heart. A normal healthy ECG trace shows what is known as the “PQRST shape” (Figure 5). Wave P is the stage that corresponds to atrial systole, excitation and contraction of the atria. Ventricular systole forms the “QRS” complex and the start of ventricular diastole corresponds to the “T” wave. Figure 5: The start is diastole where both the atria and ventricles are relaxed. The P wave shows the depolarisation of the atria and is followed by atrial systole (contraction). Atrial systole continues to the end of the QRS complex and the point where the atria relax. The QRS complex shows the relaxation of the ventricles and is followed by ventricular systole (contraction). The T wave represents a further depolarization (re- polarization) and marks the start of ventricular relaxation.

The heart is a hollow muscular organ that lies in the middle of the chest cavity. It is enclosed in the pericardium, which protects the heart and facilitates its pumping action. The AVN has a slower conduction velocity (0.05m/sec) than the atria, allowing maximal ventricular filling prior to contraction. 8 i Identify the atria and ventricles. Try to describe any differences in the structures of the walls of the atria and ventricles. Another contradiction central to the story involves the tension between the narrator’s capacities for love and hate. Poe explores here a psychological mystery—that people sometimes harm those whom they love or need in their lives. Poe examines this paradox half a century before Sigmund Freud made it a leading concept in his theories of the mind. Poe’s narrator loves the old man. He is not greedy for the old man’s wealth, nor vengeful because of any slight. The narrator thus eliminates motives that might normally inspire such a violent murder. As he proclaims his own sanity, the narrator fixates on the old man’s vulture-eye. He reduces the old man to the pale blue of his eye in obsessive fashion. He wants to separate the man from his “Evil Eye” so he can spare the man the burden of guilt that he attributes to the eye itself. The narrator fails to see that the eye is the “I” of the old man, an inherent part of his identity that cannot be isolated as the narrator perversely imagines. In exterior he resembled a butcher in a poor neighbourhood, and his eyes had a look of sleepy cunning. He carried his fat paunch with ostentation on his short legs, and during the time his gang infested the station spoke to no one but his nephew. You could see these two roaming about all day long with their heads close together in an everlasting confab.The heart cycle is regulated completely subconsciously by an autonomic nerve plexus called the cardiac plexus. This is a short 3-D animation of the heart in action, showing the detailed movement of the valve flaps and the heart muscle. The commentary has an American accent, but is quite clear. Blood will then travel from the right atrium, through the tricuspid valve, and enter the right ventricle. The sino-atrial node (the pace maker) is a specialized bundle of thin, cardiac, muscular fibers buried in the right atrial wall, near the connection between the right auricle and the large veins The cardiac cycle involves the relaxation phase, then a phase of atrial contraction followed by ventricular contraction. Under normal conditions, all these steps are completed in 0.8 seconds. How is the cardiac cycle regulated?

It was upward of thirty days before I saw the mouth of the big river. We anchored off the seat of the government. But my work would not begin till some two hundred miles farther on. So as soon as I could I made a start for a place thirty miles higher up The left ventricle pushes oxygenated blood through the aortic semilunar valve into the aorta, from which blood is distributed throughout the body.

1. Step One: Orientation

In cardiac diastole the entire heart is relaxed. Both the atria and ventricles are relaxed and the blood enters at low pressure through the veins, the pulmonary vein and the vena cava into the atria. As the blood flows in the atria the blood pressure begins to increase causing the AV valves to become opened allowing for the blood to enter the ventricles. Atrial Systole All the events that come and play within the heart come together to become the cardiac cycle. The cardiac cycle is a series of contractions that ensure blood is flowing in the correct direction When evaluating the heart for potential CAD, usually a nonenhanced calcium scoring sequence is first performed to assess for coronary artery calcification. This low-dose technique allows for the detection of calcifications of the coronary arteries. Although this technique does not give any information about potential hemodynamically relevant stenoses, an Agatston score can be calculated based on that data. The calculated Agatston score allows for an early risk stratification of patients with a high Agatston score (>160) who have an increased risk for a major adverse cardiac event (MACE) 4. Post-processing The chambers on the right side of the heart are smaller and have less myocardium in their heart wall when compared to the left side of the heart. This difference in size between the sides of the heart is related to their functions and the size of the 2 circulatory loops. The right side of the heart maintains pulmonary circulation to the nearby lungs while the left side of the heart pumps blood all the way to the extremities of the body in the systemic circulatory loop. Valves of the Heart

The rhythmic heart beats are actually spontaneous, as they originate from the cardiac tissue itself. It has been proven that the heart continues beating regularly even after it has been disconnected from the body and the cardiac nerves. Zreik M, Lessmann N, van Hamersvelt R et al. Deep Learning Analysis of the Myocardium in Coronary CT Angiography for Identification of Patients with Functionally Significant Coronary Artery Stenosis. Med Image Anal. 2018;44:72-85. doi:10.1016/j.media.2017.11.008 - Pubmed Sympathetic nervous system (fight or flight response) makes your SA node work faster, which increases your heart rate. Coronary CT angiography (cCTA) is performed as it contains data about coronary and cardiac anatomy. Due to recent innovations during the last two decades, new cCTA protocols allow for significant dose reductions with reported mean sub-milliSievert doses. However, each examination must be tailored to each patient depending on patient characteristics and clinical indications. Due to the usually tortuous anatomy of the coronary arteries, curved multiplanar reconstructions (MPR) or maximum intensity projections (MIP) are usually generated to allow for the assessment of coronary lumina on a dedicated workstation. In these images, coronary stenoses can be evaluated and lumen reduction can be measured.d Ensure first aid kit for cuts is available in the teaching room. Investigation 1 Looking at the outside of the heart The two atria (auricles): these are the upper two chambers. They have thin walls which receive blood from veins. Style and genre: Heart of Darkness is a frame story: the first narrator is the unnamed passenger on board the Nellie on the Thames listening to the primary narrator, Charles Marlow, who is relating the events that happened to him when he was in the Congo. Marlow also reports the words of other characters and the stories they tell, drawing the reader deeper into the narrative frame structure.