Words for the Heart: A Treasury of Emotions from Classical India

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Using surface electrodes on the body, it is possible to record the electrical activity of the heart. This tracing of the electrical signal is the electrocardiogram (ECG) or (EKG). An ECG is a bedside test and involves the placement of ten leads on the body. This produces a "12 lead" ECG (three extra leads are calculated mathematically, and one lead is electrically ground, or earthed). [86] In the Hebrew Bible, the word for heart, lev, is used in these meanings, as the seat of emotion, the mind, and referring to the anatomical organ. It is also connected in function and symbolism to the stomach. [108] stethoscope (say: STETH-eh-skope) : A doctor usesa stethoscope to hear your heartbeat and other sounds that the inside of your body makes. By listening to your heart, lungs, and belly, the doctor gets information about how things are working inside.

Small lymphatic networks called plexuses exist beneath each of the three layers of the heart. These networks collect into a main left and a main right trunk, which travel up the groove between the ventricles that exists on the heart's surface, receiving smaller vessels as they travel up. These vessels then travel into the atrioventricular groove, and receive a third vessel which drains the section of the left ventricle sitting on the diaphragm. The left vessel joins with this third vessel, and travels along the pulmonary artery and left atrium, ending in the inferior tracheobronchial node. The right vessel travels along the right atrium and the part of the right ventricle sitting on the diaphragm. It usually then travels in front of the ascending aorta and then ends in a brachiocephalic node. [34] Nerve supply Autonomic innervation of the heart cardiovascular system:The heart and circulatory system (also called the cardiovascular system) make up the network that delivers blood to the body's tissues. With each heartbeat, blood is sent throughout our bodies, carrying oxygen and nutrients to all of our cells. The cardiovascular system is composed of the heart and blood vessels, including arteries, veins, and capillaries. Uhlén, Mathias; Fagerberg, Linn; Hallström, Björn M.; Lindskog, Cecilia; Oksvold, Per; Mardinoglu, Adil; Sivertsson, Åsa; Kampf, Caroline; Sjöstedt, Evelina (23 January 2015). "Tissue-based map of the human proteome". Science. 347 (6220): 1260419. doi: 10.1126/science.1260419. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 25613900. S2CID 802377. Jurd, Richard David (2004). Instant Notes Animal Biology. Garland Science. p.134. ISBN 978-1-85996-325-8. Archived from the original on 6 December 2016.

What is blood?

Cardiac output (CO) is a measurement of the amount of blood pumped by each ventricle (stroke volume) in one minute. This is calculated by multiplying the stroke volume (SV) by the beats per minute of the heart rate (HR). So that: CO = SV x HR. [7] Crigg, Gordon; Johansen, Kjell (1987). "Cardiovascular Dynamics in Crocodylus Porosus Breathing Air And During Voluntary Aerobic Dives" (PDF). Journal of Comparative Physiology B. 157 (3): 381–392. doi: 10.1007/BF00693365. S2CID 28733499. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 August 2021 . Retrieved 20 February 2019. arteries (say: AR-tuh-reez) and veins (say: vayns) : If you've ever seen a road map, you probably saw many roads going here, there, and everywhere. Your body has a highway system all its own that sends blood to and from your body parts. It's called the circulatory system and the roads are called arteries and veins. Arteries, which usually look red, carry blood away from the heart. Veins, which usually look blue, return blood to the heart. The cardiac output is normalized to body size through body surface area and is called the cardiac index.

Heart tissue, like all cells in the body, needs to be supplied with oxygen, nutrients and a way of removing metabolic wastes. This is achieved by the coronary circulation, which includes arteries, veins, and lymphatic vessels. Blood flow through the coronary vessels occurs in peaks and troughs relating to the heart muscle's relaxation or contraction. [7] Osborne, June (1998). The Ruby-Throated Hummingbird. University of Texas Press. p. 14. ISBN 978-0-292-76047-9.

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J., Tortora, Gerard (2009). Principles of human anatomy. Nielsen, Mark T. (Mark Thomas) (11thed.). Hoboken, NJ: J. Wiley. ISBN 978-0-471-78931-4. OCLC 213300667. {{ cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link) The heart derives from splanchnopleuric mesenchyme in the neural plate which forms the cardiogenic region. Two endocardial tubes form here that fuse to form a primitive heart tube known as the tubular heart. [37] Between the third and fourth week, the heart tube lengthens, and begins to fold to form an S-shape within the pericardium. This places the chambers and major vessels into the correct alignment for the developed heart. Further development will include the formation of the septa and the valves and the remodeling of the heart chambers. By the end of the fifth week, the septa are complete, and by the ninth week, the heart valves are complete. [7]