200X Phone Microscope Lens with LED Light Portable Digital Microscope for Kids Handheld Microscope Dermatoscope Skin Diagnosis Hair Analyzer Compatible with iPhone and Android Mobile Phone(Black)

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The smartphone frame was designed using SolidWorks (SOLIDWORKS Corp, Waltham, MA, USA) and 3D printed with polylactide resin (MakerBot ® PLA resin, MakerBot ® Industries, New York, NY, USA) using a MakerBot ® 3D printer (MakerBot ® Industries, New York, NY, USA). The smartphone sat on the top of the frame while a microfluidic biochip was inserted from the side ( Figure1A). The dimensions of the 3D frame were 100mm in height, 180mm in length, and 85mm in width. Design, fabrication, and validation of microfluidic biochip A YFP filter set (Iridian spectral technology, Ottawa, ON, Canada) was used to observe the Rhodamine-123. The filter set had an excitation band of 489-505 nm, and an emission band of 524-546 nm. The camera settings used for Rhodamine-123 was identical to the ones used for Fluo-4 and the GEFPI. Single islet insulin secretion Compared to conventional macro techniques, microfluidic technology has been used as Islets-On-Chip ( 9– 12). In addition to very small amounts of reagents and analyst used, the small scale allows leveraging of microscale flow phenomena, enabling the implementation of new experimental modalities that are currently not possible with available macroscale tools ( 12). The microfluidic transparency and planar geometry allow easy integration of bright field and fluorescence microscopy, which enables simultaneous, multiparametric, real-time imaging of islet intracellular activities and insulin secretion ( 7, 13– 17). Plöschner, M., Tyc, T. & Čižmár, T. Seeing through chaos in multimode fibres. Nat. Photonics 9, 529–535 (2015). Ochmann, S. E. et al. Optical nanoantenna for single molecule-based detection of zika virus nucleic acids without molecular multiplication. Anal. Chem. 89, 13000–13007 (2017).

Vietz, C. et al. Benchmarking smartphone fluorescence-based microscopy with DNA origami nanobeads: reducing the gap toward single-molecule sensitivity. ACS Omega 4, 637–642 (2019). Keiser, J., Utzinger, J., Premji, Z., Yamagata, Y. & Singer, B. H. Acridine Orange for malaria diagnosis: its diagnostic performance, its promotion and implementation in Tanzania, and the implications for malaria control. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. 96, 643–654 (2002). In 2021, the iMicro Q2p was launched, featuring an added polarizing function. This addition expanded the device’s capabilities, allowing for more detailed and nuanced observations. However, it is the iMicro Q3, the latest model, that truly stands out in this series. Phone camera microscope Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, GermanyLi, J.-F., Li, C.-Y. & Aroca, R. F. Plasmon-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy. Chem. Soc. Rev. 46, 3962–3979 (2017). Clayton, K. N. et al. Particle diffusometry: an optical detection method for vibrio cholerae presence in environmental water samples. Sci. Rep. 9, 1–12 (2019). Kurokawa, U., Choi, B. I. L. & Chang, C.-C. Filter-based miniature spectrometers: Spectrum reconstruction using adaptive regularization. IEEE Sens. J. 11, 1556–1563 (2011).

Previously, we introduced a smartphone-based brightfield digital imaging system for the quantification and comprehensive morphological characterization of isolated human islets ( 28). In this work, we further developed a portable, low cost, and easy-to-use smartphone and microfluidic fluorescence imaging system, which allows real-time imaging of the dynamics of intracellular beta-cell metabolic activity and ion signaling for better understanding of human islet physiology and serving as a reliable function assay before islet transplant. Materials and methodology Design of smartphone-based fluorescence imaging system Kukar, T. et al. Protein microarrays to detect protein–protein interactions using red and green fluorescent proteins. Anal. Biochem. 306, 50–54 (2002). Kobori, Y., Pfanner, P. & Prins, G. S. Novel device for male infertility screening with single-ball lens microscope and smartphone. Fertil. Steril. 106, 574–578 (2016).Craig, B. J., Meng, J., Shrestha, V. R., Cadusch, J. J. & Crozier, K. B. Mid- to long-wave infrared computational spectroscopy using a subwavelength coaxial aperture array. Sci. Rep. 9, 13537 (2019). Rothemund, P. W. K. Folding DNA to create nanoscale shapes and patterns. Nature 440, 297–302 (2006). Punj, D. et al. A plasmonic ‘antenna-in-box’ platform for enhanced single-molecule analysis at micromolar concentrations. Nat. Nanotechnol. 8, 512–516 (2013). As shown in Figure2A, the droplet-based microfluidic device consisted of a drop inlet and an open-top islet immobilizing chamber connected by a capillary channel in between. With no external force and pressure driven, once a drop of glucose solution was loaded on top of the inlets, it would automatically flow towards the islets chamber compelled by the pressure generated by surface tension difference. TEM grids (Formvar/carbon, 400 mesh, Cu, TedPella, Inc., USA) were Ar-plasma cleaned and incubated for 60 s with DNA origami sample (5 µL, ~ 2–10 nM). Grids were washed with 2 % uranyl formate solution (5 µL) and incubated again afterwards again 4 s with 2% uranyl formate solution (5 µL) for staining. TEM imaging were performed on a JEM-1100 microscope (JEOL GmbH, Japan) with an acceleration voltage of 80 kV. Sample preparation on the coverslip for single-molecule confocal measurements

Another form of a smartphone microscope is the wireless digital type. This one from the VXTRRI has a magnification range of 50x up to 1000x. The digital microscope is compatible with Android and iOS mobile devices, allowing you to easily study your micro-objects wirelessly, streaming the footage on your smartphones via the included software application. The microscope also features built-in 8 adjustable LED lights with a knob for changing the brightness and focus. This device is great for children, students, or people who love to explore and magnify the micro-objects. It is functional and easily operated, which is suitable for kids to use as well. 3. KINGMAS 60X Clip-On Microscope Velsink, M. C., Lyu, Z., Pinkse, P. W. H. & Amitonova, L. V. Comparison of round- and square-core fibers for sensing, imaging, and spectroscopy. Opt. Express 29, 6523 (2021). nm silver nanoparticles (100 nm BioPure Silver Nanospheres (Citrate), nanoComposix, USA) were functionalized with T 20 single-stranded DNA oligonucleotides with a thiol modification at the 3’-end (Ella Biotech GmbH, Germany) 15. Briefly, 2 mL of 0.025 mg/mL nanoparticle solution in ultra pure water was heated to 40 °C under permanent stirring. 20 µL of 10 % Tween 20 and 20 µL of a potassium phosphate buffer (4:5 mixture of 1 M monobasic and dibasic potassium phosphate, Sigma Aldrich, USA) were added as well as 10 µL of a 2 nmol thiol-modified single-stranded DNA solution (5’-T 20-SH-3’) and incubated for 1 h at 40 °C. A salting procedure was then carried out by adding 1× PBS buffer containing 3.3 M NaCl stepwise over 45 min to the heated and stirred solution, until a final concentration of 750 mM NaCl was reached. Afterwards, the particles were mixed 1:1 with 1× PBS 10 mM NaCl, 2.11 mM P8709 buffer (Sigma Aldrich, USA), 2.89 mM P8584 buffer (Sigma Aldrich, USA), 0.01 % Tween ® 20 and 1 mM EDTA. To remove the excess thiolated single-stranded DNA, the solution was centrifuged for 15 min at 2.8 krcf and 20 °C. A pellet was formed in which the particles were concentrated. The supernatant was discarded, and the washing step was repeated six more times. After functionalization of the silver nanoparticles were diluted in 1× TE buffer (10 mM Tris, 1 mM EDTA) containing 750 mM NaCl to reach the final extinction of 0.05 (0.1 mm path length) at the extinction maxima on a UV-Vis spectrometer (Nanodrop 2000, Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA). Solution synthesis of DNA origami nanoantennas for TEM imaging Moreover, the iMicro Q3 is cost-effective, costing about 1% of the price of a desktop microscope. This affordability, combined with its ease of use and compatibility with any camera phone, makes the iMicro Q3 an accessible tool for all. Whether for students, young learners, or hobbyists, this device offers an opportunity to explore the microscopic world without the need for expensive and bulky equipment.

Apexel 200x LED Microscope Lens

Han, J. Y. Low-cost multi-touch sensing through frustrated total internal reflection. in Proceedings of the 18th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology 115–118 (Association for Computing Machinery, 2005), https://doi.org/10.1145/1095034.1095054. Fife, D. J., Bruhn, D. F., Miller, K. S. & Stoner, D. L. Evaluation of a fluorescent lectin-based staining technique for some acidophilic mining bacteria. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66, 2208–2210 (2000).

Sajid, M., Kawde, A.-N. & Daud, M. Designs, formats and applications of lateral flow assay: a literature review. J. Saudi Chem. Soc. 19, 689–705 (2015).

Acknowledgments

Das, S. Top 10 mobile phone brands in USA: most selling smartphone brand. Mobile Phone Repairing www.mobilecellphonerepairing.com/top-10-mobile-phone-brands-in-usa.html (2022). Jaadane, I. et al. Retinal damage induced by commercial light emitting diodes (LEDs). Free Radic. Biol. Med. 84, 373–384 (2015).