[(Exodus)] [by: Leon Uris]

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Silver, Matthew (2010). Our Exodus: Leon Uris and the Americanization of Israel's Founding Story. Wayne State University Press. ISBN 978-0-8143-3443-0. Meanwhile, opposition to partitioning Palestine into separate Arab and Jewish states is intensifying. Karen's young beau, Dov Landau, is recruited into the Irgun, a radical pro-Zionist militant group. Ari Ben Canaan's uncle, Akiva, who heads the Irgun, first interviews Dov. Before swearing him in, Akiva forces Dov into confessing he was a Sonderkommando in Auschwitz and was sodomized by the Nazi camp guards; this is where Dov acquired his bomb expertise. Akiva's violent activities run counter to his brother Barak, Ari's father, who heads the mainstream Jewish Agency, working to create a Jewish state through political and diplomatic means. Barak fears the Irgun will derail these efforts, especially as the British have placed a price on Akiva's head. The film was screened at the 1961 Cannes Film Festival, but was not entered into the competition for the Golden Palm. [23]

Gunfight at the O.K. Kibbutz: Israel in the American reflection. Bruce Robbins. (May 21, 2019). [3]. Mondoweiss Roger Angell of The New Yorker wrote, "Such a bubbling pot of intrigue, violence, and hatred would almost seem to guarantee a lively film, but Mr. Preminger has approached his task with a painstaking reverence that would have been more suitable if he had been filming the original work of this title. He permits nearly everyone in his large cast to state his ideological and political convictions before and after each new turn of events, and the result is an awesome talkfest that is all too rarely interrupted by the popping of rifles." [15] Rural exodus, the migratory patterns that normally occur in a region following the mechanization of agriculture It is a digest of Jews living as a free people in their own land, the State of Israel, re-risen like a phoenix from the ashes of the holocaust

The dispersed Jews , destroyed as a nation, suffered unspeakable persecution in most of the world. They never stopped looking towards their ancient homeland , with the prayer that ended , 'Next year in Jerusalem". Scheuer, Philip K. (December 22, 1960). "'Exodus' Stirring But Uneven Epic". Los Angeles Times. Part III, p. 9. Jewish exodus from Muslim countries, the twentieth century emigration, expulsion or escape of Jews, in which Jewish populations from Middle Eastern countries moved to Israel In the 19th century, Ari's father Jossi and uncle Yakov are driven by a Russian pogrom, a violent anti-Jewish riot, to seek refuge in Palestine. They find Palestine disappointing because the Jews are too proud to farm and spoiled by money pouring in from overseas philanthropists. What does this teach the reader about the changes that have happened in the land by the time Ari Ben Canaan arrives nearly 100 year later? And now 70 years since then?

Leon Uris was born in Baltimore, Maryland, the son of Jewish-American parents Wolf William and Anna (Blumberg) Uris. His father, a Polish-born immigrant, was a paperhanger, then a storekeeper. William spent a year in Palestine after World War I before entering the United States. He derived his surname from Yerushalmi, meaning "man of Jerusalem." (His brother Aron, Leon Uris' uncle, took the name Yerushalmi) "He was basically a failure," Uris later said of his father. "He went from failure to failure." The children arrive in Palestine, a lush place full of thriving communal kibbutzes and villages. The farms were established a generation earlier through the determination and hard work of Ari’s father Barak, his uncle Akiva, and their fellow Palestinian immigrants. Barak and Akiva, originally Jossi and Yakov Rabinsky, grew up in the Jewish Pale in Russia and fled their home when Akiva killed a man to avenge his father’s death. When the brothers arrive in Palestine, they find it barren. Along with other immigrants, they build settlements. The brothers get married and have children. The Hebrew language is revived, and the brothers choose their Hebrew names, Barak Ben Canaan and Akiva. When violence erupts between the Jewish people and the Palestinian Arabs, Barak and Akiva form a military. The measured and contemplative Barak chooses restraint in their interactions with the Arabs, but Akiva chooses action. After his wife and child are killed, Akiva leaves the settlements to form a guerilla military called the Maccabees. Barak feels Akiva is wrong for pitting Jewish people against each other and tells Akiva he never wants to see him again. Meanwhile, Barak has become an important and trusted diplomatic figure, joining the Zion Settlement Society and Yishuv Central, the democratic government of the farming settlements. Norwegian novelist Jacobsen folds a quietly powerful coming-of-age story into a rendition of daily life on one of Norway’s rural islands a hundred years ago in a novel that was shortlisted for the 2017 Man Booker International Prize.Bosley Crowther of The New York Times described the film as a "dazzling, eye-filling, nerve-tingling display of a wide variety of individual and mass reactions to awesome challenges and, in some of its sharpest personal details, a fine reflection of experience that rips the heart." The film's "principal weakness," Crowther wrote, "is that it has so much churning around in it that no deep or solid stream of interest evolves—save a vague rooting interest in the survival of all the nice people involved." [1] Exodus: How Migration is Changing Our World (UK title: Exodus: Immigration and Multiculturalism in the 21st Century), a book by development economist Paul Collier about the impact of migration on global development The drive to write Exodus emerged from the question aroused in his research: “Why must we fight for the right to live, over and over, each time the sun rises?” Preparing to write Exodus, for example, he read nearly 300 books, underwent a physical-training program in preparation for about 12,000 miles of travel within Israel and interviewed more than 1,200 people...